All you need to immediately produce double emulsion droplets
High monodispersity (CV~5%) and encapsulation efficiency (over 80%).
Water-oil-water or oil-water-oil droplets.
Start from scratch and quickly master all key parameters for double emulsion production.
Double emulsions (DE) can be water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) or oil-in-water-in-oil (O/W/O) droplets. The immiscible liquids composition prevents contact with the outer environment, giving DE great protective capabilities for cargo [1]. Whether you are an expert or a beginner, we provide all you need to understand DE production.
Pressure-driven flow-control provides:
This pack is composed of the premium Elveflow product line and our best-seller, the OB1 flow controller. Thanks to the high performance of this equipment set, you will be able to:
All the pack items are adjustable to your laboratory infrastructure and experimental requirements.
Build your pack in three quick and easy steps:
Below we demonstrate the reproducible production of stable double emulsions using droplet-based microfluidics technology and Elveflow instruments. We tested different bacthes of double emulsions produced with pressure-driven flow control for monodispersity, encapsulation efficiency, and stability over time.
The produced double emulsions were highly monodisperse (CV~5%) and presented an encapsulation efficiency of over 80% (Fig 1).
Figure 1: Encapsulation efficiency. a) Double emulsions with the intermediate phase stained with DiI, lipid-specific fluorescent dye (red), b) and encapsulated calcein (green). c) Double emulsions encapsulating liposomes (POPC, 100 nm) stained with DiI.
The stability assays demonstrate that about 50% of the DE remains stable after 5 days at room temperature (Fig 2).
Figure 2: Stability at room temperature (RT). Percentage of remaining DEs and Size STDEV through time at RT. Double emulsions remain stable at RT for at least 72 hours, with over 50% of them still present after 5 days. Orange line, DEs radius in µm.
The double emulsions produced by our system are highly monodisperse with a high encapsulation efficiency and remain stable after several days at physiological temperature.
References:
Double emulsions are versatile structures that can be used in several industries:
Flow controller OB1 Mk3+
Tubings, fittings and reservoirs
Homemade PDMS microfluidic chip
The homemade PDMS chip used for this protocol is based on the published design of Petit et al, 2016 [3]. This design has a double junction, allowing for increased control of formation of each droplet (W/O and then W/O/W, for example).
Figure 3: (a) Overview of the Petit et al.,2016 microfluidic chip design, representing the three different inlets and one outlet. (b) Specifications of the chip, (c) Picture of the double junction during double emulsion generation [3].
A major part of a successful double emulsion production relies on surface interactions. Thus, the surface treatment is a key part of the process. To form W/O/W double emulsions, the chip needs to be hydrophobic in the first junction and hydrophilic in the second.
Figure 4: (a) Schematics of the regions with different surface interaction needs, hydrophobic on the left side and hydrophilic on the right side. (b) Representative image of a chip during surface coating treatment.
PDMS already presents hydrophobic properties, so PVA is used to turn the post-junction channel hydrophilic. In order to avoid getting PVA into the channels that should remain hydrophobic, positive air pressure is applied in the inner and intermediate channels, while vacuum is applied at the outlet, as shown in the schematics below.
Figure 5: Schematic of the microfluidic setup used for surface coating.
TIP: For optimal surface treatment with PVA, bind the PDMS chips to PDMS-covered glass slides, so the channel walls are all made from the same material.
TIP: For better results, wait overnight after plasma binding to do the surface coating. That will ensure that the PDMS is hydrophobic again and avoid attracting the PVA to the wrong channels, thus improving fluid control.
“I found the systems quite robust, easy to connect and use”Dr. Martino Chiara, ETH Zurich, SwitzerlandOB1 pressure-driven flow controller user
“Thanks to Elveflow products, we can focus on our results rather than the tedious instrumentation. We especially appreciate the Elveflow system when it comes to droplet based systems which requires the control of multiple flows simultaneously. ”Dr. Caglar Elbuken, Bilkent University, TurkeyOB1 pressure-driven flow controller user
“We are satisfied with the ELVEFLOW instrument, the regulation accuracy is well fitted with our applications. The advantage of this instrument is the capability it offers to easily move the experiments anywhere you want. This feature is very convenient, especially when we encapsulate cells into droplets in cell culture platforms.”Pr. Annie Viallat, Adhesion & Inflammation Lab CNRS UMR 6212 Inserm UMR 600, FranceOB1 pressure-driven flow controller user
“We are very satisfied of the ELVEFLOW pressure pumps! The ELVEFLOW pressure pumps enable us to perform portable experiments with accurate pressure control.”Dr. Wiebcke Drenckhan, Liquids Interfaces Group of the Physic of Solids Lab - CNRS UMR 8502 Orsay University, FranceOB1 pressure-driven flow controller user
“The advantages of this instrument are its ease of use and the accuracy of the regulated pressure. This feature is very convenient, especially when we perform foams and microfluidic.”Dr. Pascal Panizza, Soft Matter Department of IPR – CNRS UR1 UMR6251, FranceOB1 pressure-driven flow controller user
“I was suprised how quickly I was able to get things to work once I got going.”Jamie Stover, Research Assistant, M. Zernicka-Goetz Lab at California Institute of Technology (Caltech)OB1 pressure-driven flow controller user
Elveflow developped a microfluidic calculator that allows you to estimate all the key parameters at stake in your microfluidic system. Find out more below !
To help you determine your flow rate, pressure to apply, the best tubing resistance length for your setup, wall shear stress for biology applications, cell culture, and many more…
Elveflow provides its microfluidic calculator and…to make the most of our microfluidic calculator, find below a set of dedicated application notes:
The microfluidic chip is where the two immiscible phases (water and oil here) are precisely injected and mixed to generate monodisperse droplets (CV < 3%). The two microfluidic chips are made of Topas. Topas is a cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) resin which is a chemical relative of polyethylene and other polyolefin plastics.
Are you working with small samples or are you looking into manufacturing 100x mLs of emulsion? Elveflow offers a comprehensive range of reservoirs compatible with our OB1 Flow Controller, from 1.5 mL Eppendorf tubes to 100mL bottles.
Flow resistors consist in the assembly of PEEK capillaries with small internal diameters. Those resistors are used to increase the resistivity of the microfluidic system to improve the stability and control of the flow rate in the system.
Simple and intuitive instructions are provided to quickly and easily make droplets and control droplet generation parameters. When starting out, the user can follow step by step the provided protocol to obtain droplets of the specific size. In a second stage, the user can rely on the numerous tips provided and explore the “going further” section to complete its training in droplet generation and microfluidic flow control.
Contact our experts to get yours!
For any help to determine what microfluidic instruments you need, you can contact us! Our experts will help you build the best microfluidic setup for your application, with our state-of-the-art microfluidic line.
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